In genius studies, greatest economist ever refers to []

Top 1000
The following is a work-in-progress listing of economists or thinkers who professed economic ideas, from the top 1000 geniuses rankings, ordered by established IQ rankings:


IQEconomist
Rankings
Description


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1.195

11
Aristotle 75Aristotle
(384-322BC)

Professed ideas on economics (Ѻ), published by him, his students, or a successor, such as Theophrastus.
3.190

23
Vilfredo Pareto 75 newVilfredo Pareto
(1848-1923)
(Schumpeter 10:5) Pareto pyramid[RGM:N/A|1,310+] (Scott 50:29) French-born Italian mathematical engineer and physical socioeconomist; #3 social Newton (historical); his four-volume Treatise on General Sociology as been characterized as the Principia of the social sciences, destined to bring about a revolution (see: Goethean revolution) in social methodology (Andrew Bongiorno, 1930); a “scholar of encyclopedia ambitions and Machiavellian dispositions” (Steve Fuller, 2000); his system has been characterized as the alternative to that of Karl Marx; eponym of the influential Harvard Pareto circle; see his spinning top social pyramid model of wealth circulation, Pareto principle, and Pareto school; he might go up or down ↑↓ depending, after his corpus of work is completely translated into English and fully digested; and likewise compared and contrasted with his peer Leon Winiarski, none of whose work is yet translated into English, and who may resultantly outrank him in intellect, though the matter is still undecided
4.180

183
John Locke 75John Locke
(1632-1704)
(Sedlacek 5:3)(Cattell 1000:35) [RGM:108|1,500+] (Murray 4000:7|WP) (Gottlieb 1000:11) (Stokes 100:38) [HD:7] (FA:63) (GPhE:#) (CR:67) English physician and social philosopher; noted for his 1690 Essay Concerning Human Understanding, wherein, he made, supposedly, the first serious attempt to explain the functioning of the mind in purely naturalistic terms, WITHOUT the need for divine intervention in the development of reason;

Bacon, Locke, and Newton are the three greatest men that have ever lived, without any exception.”
Thomas Jefferson (1789), “Letter to John Trubull”

close friends with Robert Boyle and Isaac Newton; oft-classified as dominant materialist alongside Thomas Hobbes; influential to the Lausanne school of physical economics; characterized by Baron d’Holbach as “profound”
5.180

125
Karl Marx 75Karl Marx
(1818-1883)
(CUG 10:2)
(Schumpeter 10:1)
(TFE 10:5)
(Heilbroner 6:2)
(Nasar 6:1)
[RGM:178|1,350+] (Scott 50:23) (CR:118|#37) (FA:102) German sociopolitical economic theorist;

“It is the ultimate aim of this work, to lay bare the economic law of motion of modern society.”
— Karl Marx (1867), Capital

Noted for his work with Friedrich Engels on dialectical materialism (which led to communism)
6.170

307
Adam Smith 75 Adam Smith
(1723-1790)
(CUG 10:1)
(Sedlacek 5:5)
(TFE 10:2)
(Heilbroner 6:1)

7.
Leon Walrus 75Leon Walras
(1834-1910)
(Schumpeter 10:2)
8.195

14
Descartes 75Rene Descartes
(1596-1650)
(Sedlacek 5:1)Economics started to develop at the time when his legacy received widespread recognition. The first economists widely discussed theories of knowledge, and all have proven to be successors to Descartes. His ideas were brought to England by John Locke and David Hume. Through them, Descartes’s teachings penetrated economics as well—and they have remained firmly built into it to this day. In no other social science were the Cartesian ideas accepted with as much enthusiasm as in economics.”
— Tomas Sedlacek (2013) (Ѻ)

See: Cartesian economics by Frederick Soddy.
9.170

379
John KeynesJohn Keynes
(1883-1946)
(CUG 10:3)
(TFE 10:3)
(Heilbroner 6:4)
(Nasar 6:3)

10.165

450
Thomas Malthus 75Thomas Malthus
(1766-1834)
(Heilbroner 6:5) Malthus Model(Cattell 1000:869) (Gottlieb 1000:306) (CR:5) English economist and demographer; noted for his 1798 An Essay on the Principle of Population, building on some ideas of David Hume, Adam Smith, Wallace [?], and a Dr. Price [?], outlined a general model, thought out mathematically, that, over time, that the "power" population growth, in populations of species, will be "checked" by the "strong law of necessity".
11.165

391
Francois Quesnay 75Francois Quesnay (1694-1774)
French physician and economist; characterized a "clever man" (Mettrie, 1745) the "height of genius" in political economy (Marx, 1860), noted for his 1758 Economic Table, which outlined the ideas behind the “physiocrat”, from the Greek phýsis, meaning “nature,” and kràtos, meaning “power”, school of economics, e.g. that the source of economic strength or wealth is “land”, which is generally considered to be the first school of economic thinking; influential to Adam Smith.
12.
Friedrich Hayek 75Friedrich Hayek
(1899-1992)
(TFE 10:4)
13.
Alfred Marshall 75Alfred Marshall
(1842-1924)
(Schumpeter 10:4)
(CUG 10:10)
(CR:10) English economist;

“Just as the motion of every body in the solar system affects and is affected by the motion of every other, so it is with the elements or the problem of political economy.”
— Alfred Marshall (1872), review of Stanley Jevons’ 1871 Theory of Political Economy

generally known for his supply and demand curves, sometimes cited, in the econophysics literature, as having employed remote thermodynamic stylized thinking in his economics theories, e.g. the notion that economies achieves an equilibrium state like that described for gases by James Maxwell and Ludwig Boltzmann; or to have used the conservation of energy or the first law in his utility theories.
14.
Jan Tinbergen 75Jan Tinbergen
(1903-1994)
(CUG 10:5)
15.175

229
Stanley Jevons 75Stanley Jevons
(1935-1882)

(CR:28) English economist, natural philosopher, and oft-cited general polymath;

“There exists much prejudice against attempts to introduce the methods and language of mathematics into any branch of the moral sciences. Most persons appear to hold that the physical sciences form the proper sphere of mathematical method, and that the moral sciences demand some other method, I know not what.”
— Stanley Jevons (1871), Theory of Political Economy (pg. 3)

noted for his theories on utility, for his no origin theory of life ideas, and for his statement of the three moral body problem; in 1869, he built a logic machine for doing Boolean algebra like truth tables; his Theory of Political Economy (1871), supposedly, employed a physics-based “particle theory” of people and firms in economics (Ѻ).
16.
David Ricardo 75David Ricardo
(1772-1823)
(TFE 10:9) [RGM:746|1,500+]
17.185

69
John Mill 75John Mill
(
1806-1873)
(Heilbroner 6:6)
18.
Milton Friedman 75Milton Friedman
(1912-2006)
(CUG 10:4)
(TFE 10:1)

19.
Irving Fisher 75Irving Fisher
(1867-1947)
(Schumpeter 10:8)
20.160

475
Xenophon 75Xenophon
(c.430-354)

(Cattell 1000:223) Greek philosopher, historian, soldier, mercenary, and student of Socrates; noted for his 362 book Oeconomicus (Ѻ), on “household management and agriculture", which is the origin of the word economics; first-slating: 160|#475 (Apr 2018).
21.180

190
Francis Edgeworth 75Francis Edgeworth
(1845-1926)


22.
Bernard Mandeville 75Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733)(Sedlacek 5:2)Economics (Fable of the Bees, 1705)(CR:5) Dutch-born English physician, philosopher, political economist, and satirist;

“There is no intrinsic worth in ‘money’, but what is alterable with the times, and whether a guinea goes for twenty pounds or for a shilling, it is the labor [work] of the poor and not the high and low value that is set on gold or silver, which all the comforts of life must arise from.”
— Bernard Mandeville (c.1710), Publication (Ѻ)

noted for his 1705 Fable of the Bees; term ‘Mandevillean’ (Ѻ) associates with his ideas; influential to: John Locke, Jonathan Swift, and Friedrich Hayek.
23.180

111
David Hume 75David Hume
(1711-1776)
(Sedlacek 5:4)
24.180

165
John Nash 75John Nash
(1928-2015)
(CUG 10:6)
25.
Paul Samuelson 75Paul Samuelson
(1915-2009)
(Nasar 6:5)
26.
Ludwig Mises 75Ludwig Mises
(1881-1973)
(TFE 10:7)
(Nasar 6:4)

27.
Joseph Schumpeter 75Joseph Schumpeter (1883-1950)

28.
Wesley Mitchell 75Wesley Mitchell
(1874-1948)
(Schumpeter 10:9)
29.
Tjalling Koopmans 75Tjalling Koopmans
(1910-1985)


30.
Carl Menger
(1840-1921)
(Schumpeter 10:3)
31.
Eugene Bawerk
(1851-1914)
(Schumpeter 10:6)
32.
Frank Taussig
(1859-1940)
(Schumpeter 10:7)
33.
Beatrice Webb 75Beatrice Webb
(1858-1943)
(Nasar 6:2)
34.
Henry George
(1838-1897)
(Heilbroner 6:3)
35.
Amartya Sen 75Amartya Sen
(1933-)
(TFE 10:6)
(Nasar 6:6)

36.
Warren Buffett 75Warren Buffett
(1930-)
(CUG 10:9)
37.
Muhammad Yunus
(1940-)
(CUG 10:7)
38.
Joseph Stiglitz
(1943-)
(TFE 10:8)
39.
Daniel Kahneman
(1934-)
(TFE 10:10)
40.
Steven LevittSteven Levitt
(1967-)
(CUG 10:8)American social economist; author of Freakonomics (2005).

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Economics Geniuses
A depiction of six “economic geniuses”, namely: Karl Marx (first), Beatrice Webb (second), John Keynes (third), Ludwig Mises (fourth), Paul Samuelson (fifth), and Amartya Sen (sixth), from Sylvia Nasar’s 2011 Grand Pursuit: the Story of Economic Genius. [2]

Overview
In 1951, Joseph Schumpeter (Schumpeter 10:#), in his Ten Great Economists: from Marx to Keynes, discussed the following ten economists: [1]

1. Karl Marx
2. Leon Walrus
3. Carl Menger
4. Alfred Marshall
5. Vilfredo Pareto
6. Eugene Bawerk
7. Frank Taussig
8. Irving Fisher
9. Wesley Mitchell
10. John Keynes

In 1953, Robert Heilbroner (Heilbroner 6:#), in his The Worldly Philosophers: The Lives, Times and Ideas of the Great Economic Thinkers, situated the following as the top six economists, as illustrated on his later edition covers: [3]

1. Adam Smith
2. Karl Marx
3. Henry George
4. John Keynes
5. Thomas Malthus
6. John Mill

In 2011, Sylvia Nasar (Nasar 6:#), in her Grand Pursuit: the Story of Economic Genius, focused her attention on the following six so-called “economic geniuses”: [2]

1. Karl Marx
2. Beatrice Webb
3. John Keynes
4. Ludwig Mises
5. Paul Samuelson
6. Amartya Sen

In 2013, Tomas Sedlacek (Sedlacek 5:#), in his “Five Most Influential Economic Philosophers”, listed the following: (Ѻ)

1. Rene Descartes
2. Bernard Mandeville
3. John Locke
4. David Hume
5. Adam Smith

In 2015, The Complete University Guide (Ѻ) (CUG 10:#) ranked the top 10 most influential economists of all time as follows:

1. Adam Smith
2. Karl Marx
3. John Keynes
4. Milton Friedman
5. Jan Tinbergen
6. John Nash
7. Muhammad Yunas
8. Steven Levitt
9. Warren Buffett
10. Alfred Marshall

In 2016, TFE Times (TFE 10:#), aka The Financial Engineer, ranked the “10 best economists of all time” as follows: (Ѻ)

1. Milton Friedman
2. Adam Smith
3. John Keynes
4. Friedrich Hayek
5. Karl Marx
6. Amartya Sen
7. Ludwig von Mises
8. Joseph Stiglitz
9. David Ricardo
10. Daniel Kahneman

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Quotes
The following are related quotes:

“Never before had thinking in political economy reached such heights of genius.”
Karl Marx (c.1860), on Francois Quesnay (Ѻ)

References
1. (a) Schumpeter, Joseph. (1951). Ten Great Economists: from Marx to Keynes. Oxford University Press.
(b) Ellis, Howard S. (1952). “Ten Great Economists” (Ѻ), Journal of Political Economy, 60(5):433-36.
2. Nasar, Sylvia. (2011). Grand Pursuit: the Story of Economic Genius. Simon and Schuster.
3. Heilbroner, Robert L (1953). The Worldly Philosophers: The Lives, Times and Ideas of the Great Economic Thinkers. Publisher, 2011.

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