In existographies, Heike Kamerlingh-Onnes (1853-1926) (IQ:175|#230) (CR:23) was a Dutch physicist noted for []
Overview
Leiden physics laboratory
In 1881, Onnes published a paper Algemeene theorie der vloeistoffen (General theory of liquids), which dealt with the kinetic theory of the liquid state, approaching Van der Waals' law of corresponding states from a mechanistic point of view. This work can be considered as the beginning of his life-long investigations into the properties of matter at low temperatures. From 1882 to 1923 Kamerlingh Onnes served as professor of experimental physics at the University of Leiden. When he was appointed to the physics chair at Leyden, he reorganized the physical laboratory in a way to suit his own program. His researches were mainly based on the theories of his two great compatriots, Dutch physicists Johannes van der Waals and Hendrik Lorentz. Here he conducted investigations on thermodynamics, among other subjects.
Thermodynamics
Some thermodynamics areas confronted by Kamerlingh Onnes’ superconductivity findings include the issue that supposedly structures were supposedly to have no mobility at absolute zero and the topic that an entity that moves with zero resistance bumps the issue of perpetual motion.
Enthalpy
In 1909, Kamerlingh-Onnes coined the term “enthalpy” for the quantity:
H = U + PV
or the internal energy U of a body plus energy related to pressure-volume work PV. He coined the word from from the Greek εν (en) ‘in’ and θαλπος (thalpos) ‘to heat’, which combined define the word enthalpos. [1] The term was supposedly introduced to replace the older term “heat content” used for this quantity of energy by American engineer Willard Gibbs, on the logic that a material has no property which is literally a heat content, being that no body can possess heat; where correctly heat can only be defined as the flow of energy or energy in transit. [3]
Education
In 1870, Kamerlingh-Onnes entered the University of Groningen, obtained his "candidaats" degree (approx. B.Sc.) the following year, and then went to Heidelberg as a student of Germans chemist Robert Bunsen and physicist Gustav Kirchhoff from October 1871 until April 1873. Thereafter he returned to Groningen, where he passed his "doctoraal" examination (approx. M.Sc.) in 1878 and obtained the doctor's degree in 1879 with a remarkable thesis Nieuwe bewijzen voor de aswenteling der aarde (New Proofs of the Rotation of the Earth). [2]
Quotes | Employed
The following are quotes employed by Kamerlingh-Onnes:
“Between us and goodness, the gods have placed the [work] sweat of our brows.”
— Hesiod (c.850BC), "Note on Sheet of Paper", found amid papers of Onnes at the Boerhaave Museum, Leiden; on this same sheet, of note, one can also read quotes from Schiller, Goethe, Shakespeare, Homer, Pindar and Dante [4]
References
1. Laidler, Keith J. (1993). The World of Physical Chemistry (pg. 110). Oxford University Press.
2. Heike Kamerlingh Onnes – Biography, Nobel Prize Organization.
3. Chang, Sheldon S.L. (1963). Energy Conversion (pg. 20). Prentice Hall.
4. Kamerlingh-Onnes, Heike. (1991). Through Measurement to Knowledge: The Selected Papers of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 1853–1926 (Amz). Springer.
External links
● Heike Kamerlingh Onnes – Wikipedia.
