In existographies, Philo of Byzantium (c.280-220BC) (IQ:#|#) (CR:3), aka “Philo Machanicus”, was a Greek engineer, physicist, and mathematician, noted for making the first thermometer.

Thermometer

See main: Philo thermometer

In c.230BC, Philo conducted an experiment wherein a tube from a hollow sphere, below right, was extended over a jug of water, below left. The sphere was then placed in the sun, after which bubbles were released as air expanded out of the sphere. When the sphere was moved to the shade, water rose in the tube as air in the sphere contracted:

In 1592, Galileo made a similar thermometer like device (see: Galileo thermometer). [2]

In 1638, Robert Fludd, who read the work of Philo, used a modified Philo-thermometer design, in which he placed the sphere vertically above the jug (adjacent), thus making an unsealed air thermometer (see: thermometer), with a scale. [1]

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Quotes | On
The following are quotes on Philo:

“For other things, such as the flat-mesh conveyor belt and the repeating crossbow, Leonardo follows Philo of Byzantium.”
— Lucio Russo (1996), The Forgotten Revolution: How Science was Born in 300BC and Why it Had to be Reborn (pg. 336)

See also
● Ctesibius
● Hero
● Philo of Alexandria (20 BC-40AD) (Ѻ)
● Philo of Byblos (Ѻ) | Theta

References
1. McGee, Thomas D. (1988). Principles and Methods of Temperature Measurement (pg. 3). Publisher.
2. Jeans, James. (1948). The Growth of Physical Science (pg. 154). Publisher.

External links
● Philo of Byzantium – Wikipedia.