In physical science, sociology terminology upgrades or reforms, in the framework of the defunct theory of "socio-" perspective, are terms or synonym alternatives or upgrades to "socio" and all socio-centric terms, and their antonyms.
“When physics and chemistry have entered on the description, [sociology] disappears from the scene, it is an ‘anthropism’.”— Charles Sherrington (1938), Man on His Nature [1]
Chemically (defunct) | Chemical thermodynamically (neutral / upgrade) | Example (usage) |
● Spiritual | Vis viva | kinetic energy (Lester Ward, 1903) | “I am always very chary about using such expressions as ‘spiritual phenomena’, because the word spiritual has almost become a synonym of supernatural. Yet the word is a perfectly proper one and ought to be redeemed and freely used, more nearly as a synonym of psychic in its widest sense, and I shall not hesitate so to use it. The last three chapters have been devoted to showing that spiritual phenomena are as much natural phenomena as physical phenomena, that spiritual forces are true natural forces, and that there is a spiritual energy, i.e., a psychic and social energy, that is as capable of doing work as any other form of kinetic energy. In fact it is the highest and most effective form of energy or vis viva.” [5] |
● Sociable | Associated (Mirza Beg, 1987) | “The smallest unit of a society, an individual, is incapable of independent existence by virtue of his being a social animal and there [being] a large number of interacting constraints on him. If we compare this situation with the properties of water it will be found that the presence of interacting forces which in this case are cohesive in nature, has completely changed its properties. In the absence of such cohesive forces, water may not even be in a liquid, it should have been a gas boiling at -90°C. The presence of cohesive forces makes the difference. Water is therefore a sociable or associated liquid, a case analogous with the social constraints on an individual which demand that he should be part of a society.” [4] |
“Supramolecular chemistry is a sort of molecular sociology! Non-covalent interactions define the inter-component bond, the action and reaction, in brief, the behavior of the molecular individuals and populations: their social structure as an ensemble of individuals having its own organization; their stability and their fragility; their tendency to associate or to isolate themselves; their selectivity, their ‘elective affinities’ and class structure, their ability to recognize each other; their dynamics, fluidity or rigidity or arrangements and of castes, tensions, motions, and reorientations; their mutual action and their transformations by each other.”
“What are the physical and chemical origins of diversity among inorganic and organic things, and how shall the adaptability of matter and energy be described? He may then see his way through all the difficulties which philosophical and biological thought have accumulated around a problem that in the final analysis belongs only to physical science, and at the end he will find a provisional answer to the question.”— Lawrence Henderson (1917), The Order of Nature [2]